Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 The University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hong Kong, China
2 The University of Hong Kong, School of Biological Sciences, Hong Kong, China
3 The University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
4 Hong Kong Science Park, Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong, China
Lipid imaging by conventional photoacoustic microscopy subjects to direct contact sensing with relatively low detection bandwidth and sensitivity, which induces superficial imaging depth and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in practical imaging scenarios. Herein, we present a photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy for lipid distribution mapping in bio-tissue, featuring noncontact implementation, broad detection bandwidth, deep penetration depth, and high SNR. A tailored high-energy pulsed laser source with a spectrum centered at 1750 nm is used as the excitation beam, while a cofocused 1550 nm continuous-wave beam is used as the probe signal. The pump wavelength is selected to overlap the first overtone of the C-H bond in response to the intensive absorption of lipid molecules, which introduces a much-enhanced SNR (55 dB) onto photoacoustic remote sensing (PARS) signals. Meanwhile, the optical sensing scheme of the photoacoustic signals provides broadband detection compared to the acoustic transducer and refrains the bio-samples from direct contact operations by eliminating the ultrasonic coupling medium. Taking merits of the high detection sensitivity, deep penetration depth, broadband detection, and high resolution of the PARS system, high-quality tissue scale lipid imaging is demonstrated in a model organism and brain slice.
photoacoustic microscopy remote sensing lipid imaging near-infrared imaging label-free noncontact 
Advanced Photonics Nexus
2023, 2(2): 026011
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
2 International Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
3 Shenzhen Vivolight Medical Device & Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518055, China
4 State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China
5 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
6 Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Current gradient-index (GRIN) lens based proximal-driven intracoronary optical coherence tomography (ICOCT) probes consist of a spacer and a GRIN lens with large gradient constant. This design provides great flexibility to control beam profiles, but the spacer length should be well controlled to obtain desired beam profiles and thus it sets an obstacle in mass catheter fabrication. Besides, although GRIN lens with large gradient constant can provide tight focus spot, it has short depth of focus and fast-expanded beam which leads to poor lateral resolution for deep tissue. In this paper, a type of spacer-removed probe is demonstrated with a small gradient constant GRIN lens. This design simplifies the fabrication process and is suitable for mass production. The output beam of the catheter is a narrow nearly collimated light beam, referred to as pencil beam here. The full width at half maximum beam size varies from 35.1 μm to 75.3 μm in air over 3-mm range. Probe design principles are elaborated with probe/catheter fabrication and performance test. The in vivo imaging of the catheter was verified by a clinical ICOCT system. Those results prove that this novel pencil-beam scanning catheter is potentially a good choice for ICOCT systems.
optical coherence tomography endoscopic imaging intravascular imaging fiber optics imaging 
Opto-Electronic Advances
2022, 5(3): 200050

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